Sunifiram (DM-235)

Sunifiram (DM-235)

Sunifiram (DM-235)

Sunifiram (DM-235)

Sunifiram (DM-235) is a synthetic piperazine-derived ampakine engineered as a potent positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors. By enhancing AMPA-mediated excitatory post-synaptic currents, Sunifiram facilitates hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation (LTP), stimulates presynaptic acetylcholine (ACh) release in cortical tissues, and upregulates CaMKII phosphorylation.

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What is Sunifiram (DM-235)?

Sunifiram (known chemically as DM-235 or 1-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one) is a novel synthetic piperazine derivative belonging to the ampakine class of cognitive research compounds. Originally developed as a structurally optimized derivative of piracetam, Sunifiram departs from the classic pyrrolidone ring structure, utilizing a piperazine core that yields significantly higher potency at AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors.

Operating as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM), Sunifiram slows AMPA receptor desensitization during active glutamatergic transmission. This enhances post-synaptic sodium and calcium (Ca2+) ion influx, facilitating hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) and increasing cortical acetylcholine (ACh) release.

Batch-verified for high analytical purity at Modern Aminos, Sunifiram is offered in a 50MG/ML liquid solution packaged in a 30ML amber glass bottle with a 1mL precision dropper. Laboratories evaluating glutamatergic synaptic plasticity, memory consolidation networks, and presynaptic neurotransmitter release utilize Sunifiram alongside complementary neuro-active reference standards available on the site, such as Alpha GPC, Bromantane, 9-Me-BC, and NSI-189 Phosphate.

Chemical and Molecular Data

Compound Name Sunifiram (DM-235)
Quantity / Formats Offered 50MG/ML Liquid Solution (30ML Amber Glass Bottle with 1mL Dropper)
Synonyms / Alt Names DM-235, Sunifiram, Piperazine Ampakine DM-235
CAS Number 314728-85-3
Chemical Formula C16H22N2O2
Molecular Weight 274.36 g/mol
IUPAC Name 1-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one
InChIKey Protected Small Molecule Structure
SMILES Code CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2

What are the Mechanisms of Action?

The biochemical pathways and cellular targets of Sunifiram in laboratory research include:

  • AMPA Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulation (PAM): Sunifiram binds to allosteric sites on AMPA receptor complexes, reducing the rate of receptor desensitization in the presence of glutamate. This increases excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) in hippocampal pyramidal neurons without triggering excitotoxic baseline receptor activation.
  • Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) Activation: By increasing post-synaptic Ca2+ influx, Sunifiram activates calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and protein kinase C (PKC). This intracellular signaling cascade drives AMPA receptor insertion into dendritic membranes, strengthening synaptic transmission.
  • Presynaptic Acetylcholine (ACh) Release Stimulation: In rodent cortical tissue slice preparations, Sunifiram enhances impulse-evoked acetylcholine release. This indirect cholinergic activation complements its direct glutamatergic ampakine signaling, promoting memory formation and attention network research.

What do Preclinical & Academic Studies Show for Sunifiram?

When evaluating research efficacy and published scientific literature for Sunifiram (DM-235):

  • AMPA Modulation & Anti-Amnesic Kinetics (PubMed): Landmark pharmacological studies cataloged on PubMed (PMID: 11087121) demonstrate that Sunifiram prevents scopolamine-induced amnesia and potentiates cortical acetylcholine release at sub-micromolar concentrations.
  • Ampakine Signaling & Synaptic Plasticity (PMC): Comprehensive biomedical reviews archived in PMC (PMC4038662) confirm that piperazine ampakines like Sunifiram enhance LTP induction by selectively modulating AMPA receptor channel kinetics in hippocampal slices.
  • Chemical Profiling & Identification (PubChem): Official structural characterization maintained on PubChem verifies the molecular mass (274.36 g/mol), benzoylpiperazine ring topology, and HPLC retention profile of CAS 314728-85-3.

How does Sunifiram compare to other compounds?

To evaluate glutamatergic signaling, cholinergic release, and synaptic modulation, researchers compare Sunifiram against alternative reference standards available at Modern Aminos:

Compound / Reference Chemical Class & Structure Core Mechanism of Action Research Focus & Profile
Sunifiram (DM-235) Piperazine-Derived Ampakine Modulator Positive allosteric modulation of AMPA receptors, facilitating LTP and cortical acetylcholine release Focuses on AMPA receptor channel kinetics, CaMKII activation, LTP induction, and presynaptic ACh signaling
Alpha GPC L-α-Glycerophosphocholine Phospholipid Provides bioavailable free choline for direct acetylcholine synthesis and neuronal membrane phospholipid repair Focuses on baseline acetylcholine substrate availability, membrane fluidity, and systemic cholinergic precursor loading
Bromantane Synthetic Adamantane Actoprotector Upregulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) gene expression to increase de novo dopamine synthesis Focuses on non-depleting dopaminergic biosynthesis, actoprotective physical endurance, and non-sedating anxiolysis
9-Me-BC Methylated β-Carboline Derivative Induces Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene expression, drives dopaminergic neurite outgrowth, and supports Complex I Focuses on dopaminergic neuronal structural restoration and mitochondrial respiratory chain support

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is Modern Aminos a reliable place to buy Sunifiram?

Yes, Modern Aminos is a highly trusted vendor for high-purity research chemicals and novel neuro-active reference standards. Every batch of Sunifiram undergoes strict third-party analytical testing (including HPLC and Mass Spectrometry) to verify minimum 98%+ chemical purity, exact 50MG/ML concentration, and complete absence of heavy metals or synthesis impurities.

2. What is Sunifiram (DM-235) and how is it classified?

Sunifiram (DM-235) is a synthetic piperazine derivative and ampakine compound. It is classified chemically as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of AMPA glutamatergic receptors.

3. How does Sunifiram interact with AMPA receptors in vitro?

Sunifiram binds allosterically to AMPA receptor complexes, slowing their rate of desensitization when glutamate is present. This prolongs excitatory post-synaptic currents and enhances calcium influx into dendritic spines.

4. What role does Sunifiram play in cortical acetylcholine (ACh) release?

In preclinical neural tissue assays, Sunifiram stimulates impulse-dependent acetylcholine release in the cerebral cortex, bridging glutamatergic AMPA receptor modulation with downstream cholinergic network activity.

5. What available formats does Modern Aminos offer for Sunifiram research?

Modern Aminos provides Sunifiram in a pre-mixed 50MG/ML liquid solution packaged in a 30ML amber glass bottle with a calibrated 1mL precision dropper for exact volumetric sampling.

6. How does Sunifiram compare to Unifiram and racetam derivatives?

While structurally related to Unifiram, Sunifiram replaces the pyrrolizridine core with a piperazine ring, displaying enhanced potency in AMPA receptor modulation and Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) facilitation compared to traditional racetams.

7. How does Modern Aminos verify the chemical purity and mass identity of Sunifiram?

Modern Aminos uses High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to confirm purity profiles exceeding 98% and Mass Spectrometry (MS) to verify exact molecular weight (274.36 g/mol) prior to batch release.

8. What are the proper storage and stability parameters for Sunifiram liquid dropper bottles?

Liquid Sunifiram bottles should be stored tightly sealed in a cool, dry environment (15°C to 25°C) protected from direct sunlight and heat. Amber glass packaging protects the solution from photochemical degradation over extended shelf lives.

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